Describe threats which could potentially affect a safe flight.
Threats that can affect a pilot and the safety of a flight can include:
Explain the degree to which human error can be eliminated.
By understanding why and how these errors took place, we can learn from other people’s mistakes and misfortunes and ensure we don’t make the same mistakes.
Most topics and subjects contained and taught in Human factors are due to accidents, crashes and unfortunately deaths. The human factors subject was created to ensure pilots understood errors limitations and illusions alike and learn how to minimise and mitigate these taking place again.
Explain the role of human error in aviation accidents.
Human error accounts for 75-80 % of aircraft accidents.
By understanding why and how these errors took place, we can learn from other people’s mistakes and misfortunes and ensure we don’t make the same mistakes
Explain how outside resources, such as ATC, engineers and other pilots can contribute to a pilots management of a flight.
By communicating their particular knowledge on certain areas of responsibility eg weather, maintenance, traffic information
Explain the following strategies used to reduce communication errors in aviation ...
Read backs
Ensures that the clearance or call was heard and understood correctly
Standard phraseology
Ensures everyone is speaking the same language and the same terms, which means calls are understood by everyone
Standard calls
Ensures people make the same calls in the same places and times to avoid confusion
By using these strategies communication between aircraft and ATC is made much easier. There are some rules and requirements for communication within aviation to avoid errors and ensure everyone is speaking the same language and is understood by all.
Identify techniques to reduce communication barriers.
Readbacks
Standard Phraseology
Standard Calls
Describe the barriers to effective communication.
Describe a basic model of communications.
This is about effectively getting a message across
Involves expressing, understanding, comprehending and feedback
It is a two way process that requires active participation from both parties
The speaker sets a tone, language and content appropriate to the situation and the listener needs to pay attention, concentrate and comprehend
Describe ideal leadership characteristics.
Describe group decision making.
Decisions made informally and formally
It is a controlled pooling of knowledge and ideas
It is a discussion process and command decision rather than a referendum / consensus
Offers wider experience, more ideas and lateral solutions
The captain has the final decision at the end of the day, but a good captain will listen and discuss everyones opinion and thoughts before making a final decision