12.62.8 Using a PA/PR (power available/power required) graph, show the derivation ofmaximum rate of climb speed.

12.62.8. Using a PA/PR (power available/power required) graph, show the derivation ofmaximum rate of climb speed. 

++ diagram++

For maximum rate of climb spped – this is the speed at which there is the greatest excess of power available over power required

12.62.6 Define the meaning of Vx (max angle) and Vy (max rate).

12.62.6. Define the meaning of Vx (max angle) and Vy (max rate).

12.62.4(c) cruise climb

12.62.4(c) . cruise climb 

12.62.4(b) maximum rate of climb; Sub Topic Syllabus Item

12.62.4(b) . maximum rate of climb; Sub Topic Syllabus Item 

Maximum angle climb
– best gradient
Maximum rate climb
– best vertical speed
Normal climb
– speed is usually higher than the speed for maximum rate of climb and is a compromise between speed and rate of climb
Vx max angle
Vy max rate

12.62.4(a) maximum angle of climb;

12.62.4(a) . maximum angle of climb; 

Maximum angle climb
– best gradient
Maximum rate climb
– best vertical speed
Normal climb
– speed is usually higher than the speed for maximum rate of climb and is a compromise between speed and rate of climb
Vx max angle
Vy max rate

12.62.4 Distinguish between:

12.62.4. Distinguish between:

12.62.2 Using a diagram, show and name the forces acting in a steady climb.

12.62.2. Using a diagram, show and name the forces acting in a steady climb.

++ Diagram++

The aerodynamic lift force acts perpendicular to the direction of flight
The drag force is parallel with it
Weight force acts vertically downwards but in the climb it now has a component which acts in the same direction as drag

12.60 Straight and Level Flight

12.60. Straight and Level Flight

12.60.10 Explain the basic operational considerations which apply to flying an aeroplanefor range, or endurance.

12.60.10. Explain the basic operational considerations which apply to flying an aeroplanefor range, or endurance. 

Range
– if headwind not a factor tend toward flying at higher altitudes – “cruise climb”
– ensure the mixture is properly leaned
– fly at an altitude that reduces the headwind component to a minimum or an altritude that takes advantage of a higher tailwind component

Endurance:
– fly at about the recommended gliding speed
– in turbulent conditins fly at a slightly higher speed to prevent large increases in power to overcome effects of gusts
– ensure the mixture is correctly leaned
– fly at the lowest practical attitude

12.60.8(c) maximum endurance speed.

12.60.8(c) . maximum endurance speed. 

Speed for maximum endurance is the TAS which coincides with the bottom of the power curve – ie the speed at which the minimum power and lowest fuel consumption is required to maintian level flight