12.32.10(a) . using the correct type and grade of oil for a particular aircraft; 

There are different oils available for different types of aircraft engine
To help this process the various oils are graded by viscosity by the SAE – (Society of Automotive Engineers)
Use only the oil recommended in the POH (pilots operating handbook) otherwise there is the risk of poor lubrication, overheating, wromg oil pressure, engine damage

Oil Quantity
– check oil level during each pre-flight inspection
– the oil level on the dipstick should be between the maximum and minimum levels
– if below the minimum the engine will overheat due to less oil circulating in the engine
– if overfull – the excess oil may be forced out through various parts of the engine

12.32.10. Explain the importance of:

12.32.8(f) . oil pressure and temperature gauges. 

Oil Pressure
– oil pressure gauge in the cockpit indicates the oil pressure provided by the oil pump
– the oil pressure sensor is situated in the pressure line between the oil pump and engine

Oil Temperature
– gauge is located in the cockpit
– the sensor unit is immersed in oil which has been through the oil cooler.

12.32.8(e) . oil cooler, bypass valves and filters; 

Oil cooler
– in order to control the temperature of the oil at the correct level to ensure good lubrication a thermally operated valve directs it through an oil cooler

Bypass Valves
– these allow the oil cooler or filter to be bypassed if the either should become blocked

Filter
– this removes contaminants such as dirt and grit from the oil

12.32.8(d) . oil lines, passages and galleries; 

– the oil lines, passages and galleries form the distribution network which delivers the oil to the points needing lubrication and then return it to the storage tank or sump.

12.32.8(c) . engine-driven pump, pressure relief valve; 

Engine driven pump
– The oil pump picks up oil from the sump or holding tank and distributes it under pressure the the points needing lubrication.

Oil pressure relief valve
– is incorporated into the system on the engine side of the main pump
– when oil pressure reaches a pre-determined limit the spring-loaded valve will open and divert oil back to the pump inlet to control pressure
– A dry sump system also has scavange pump/s to collect oil and return it to the holding tank.

12.32.8(b) . dry sump, scavenge pump, tank; Sub Topic Syllabus Item 

A dry sump engine has a separate tank in which the oil is stored when not circulating
One or more pumps are used to scavenge the oil from the bottom of the sump where it collects at the lower part of te engine and pump it back into the separate oil tank

Scavenge Pump
– lifts the oil from the sump to the oil storage tank

Tank
– storage area for oil which is not circulating

12.32.8(a) . wet sump; 

– does not have a separate storage tank
– the oil is stored in the sump when not circulating in the engine
–

12.32.8. Briefly describe the function of the following components of an oil system:

12.32.6. Explain the effect of temperature on the lubricating qualities of oil.

High temperatures reduce the viscosity of the oil and can reduce its effectiveness as a lubricant.
Low temperatures can increase the viscosity of oil making it thick and difficult to circulate to parts of the engine.