Airspace

Controlled
Control Area (CTA)
FIR Boundary
Control Zone (CTR)
General Aviation Area (G)
Special Use
Restricted (R) Danger (D) Military (M) Volcanic (V)
Mandatory Broadcast Zone (B)
Non-designated
Common Frequency Zone(C)

18.22.4 Describe the process of creating:
(a) a Mercator projection;
(b) a Lambert's conformal projection.

18.16.4 Calculate the LMT at a given location.

a

18.10.4 Describe and apply the following position reference methods:
(a) place/ bearing/distance;
(b) latitude and longitude;
(c) earth based navigation aids.

Ground Speed is the speed of an aircraft with reference to the ground.

The aircraft’s airspeed is affected by the wind, and the result is the Ground Speed.  

Flying along at 100kts airspeed, with a 20kt headwind (blowing us backwards) our ground speed will be 80kts. 

18.6.4 Measure distances up to 1000nm ( 1%) on an appropriate chart.

To measure distance on a chart, first you must use an appropriate ruler with the appropriate scale. 

Then accurately measure (1% error margin) from the starting point of the route to the finishing point, reading off the length of the track or route against the scale on the ruler. 

b

A small circle is any circle drawn onto the surface of the earth that does not cut through the center. All lines of latitude are small circles except for the equator that is also a great circle

All circles drawn onto a globe that do not pass through the center are considered small circles

With a Ground speed of 105 and distance to go of 79nm.
What will be the time to travel the distance of 79 in Minutes