6.28.14 Compute fuel burn rate, given the consumption and time. Explain: Fuel Burn
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Example 1. You have flown your Cessna for 45 minutes, and worked out that it will have consumed 18 litres of fuel. How much fuel is your aircraft using per hour (in litres) |
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1. Find the 18 Litres on the outside
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| Read off | |
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3. Find the 60 minutes /1 Hour on the inside time scale. 4. Read off the outside 24 . which the litres this aircraft would use in 1 hours. |
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6.14.2(m) Deduced (Dead) Reckoning;
Dead Reckoning is the process of calculating one’s position, by estimating the direction and distance travelled since a last known position.
6.12.10. Explain and apply the table of cruising levels.
When flying VFR, above 3,000 ft AMSL or 1,000 ft above high ground, whichever is the higher; you must adhere to the VFR cruising levels.
When flying north (from 270’M to 089’M) you should cruise at odd thousands of feet plus 500. When traveling south (090’M to 269’M) you must cruise at even thousands of feet plus 500.
6.4.6(i) Magnetic variation;
Magnetic variation Is the difference between True North and Magnetic North.
It is the horizontal angle between true North and magnetic North measured East or West according to whether magnetic north lies east or west of true north.
Calculate the maximum fuel endurance. Navigation Procedures - VFR
To calculate the maximum fuel endurance for a flight, first we must work out the fuel onboard the aircraft, or the maximum fuel we can carry.
With this fuel on board, we can work out our endurance by dividing our fuel on board by our fuel burn.
This will give us an amount of time we can stay in the air for. (-reserves)
Compute fuel consumption, given the burn rate and time. Explain: Fuel Consumption
Fuel Calculations are basically the same as Distance , Time and Speed
just swap DISTANCE for FUEL
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Example 1. Our Cessna is burning 25 litres an hour, what will this aircraft burn in 90 minutes? |
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1. Find the 25 on the outside
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| Read off | |
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3. Find the 90 minutes on the inside time scale. 4. Read off the outside 37.5, which the litres this aircraft would use in 90 minutes or 1.5 hours. |
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6.14.2(l) Wind Correction Angle;
Wind correction angle (WCA) is the correction angle to allow for drift to fly a planned track.
6.12.8. State and apply the altimeter setting rules in New Zealand.
When flying in New Zealand, we fly using the zone QNH (in reference to sea level) for operations at and below
13,000 ft. There are 11 QNH zones throughout the country, and can be found in the AIPNZ ENR 1.7-2.
Thus all aircraft flying at and below 13,000 ft fly at an altitude.
When flying 15,000 ft or above, the altimeter is set to QNE (1013hPa) and all aircraft fly at pressure altitudes called flight levels.
Flight level 150 (near enough to 15,000 ft) is known as the ‘transition level’ and is the lowest pressure altitude for level cruise.
The airspace between 13,000 ft and FL150 is known as the transition layer, and is not available for level flight.
When descending through FL150 the altimeter is set to QNH (zone QNH), and when climbing through 13,000 ft the altimeter is set to QNE (1013hPa).
This arrangement is in place so as all aircraft are on the same subscale setting.
6.4.6(h) Compass direction;
Compass direction is the horizontal direction expressed as an angular distance measured from compass North.
Compass direction is measured by means of a freely rotating magnetized needle that points towards magnetic North. The compass suffers from a form of error called deviation, which is not normally more than 4 degrees.
Eg. Your Aircraft Compass
State the Legal Minimum Fuel Reserves required on a VFR Cross-Country Flight.
The legal minimum fuel reserves for VFR flight in the day is 30 minute flight time.
The legal minimum reserve for VFR flights in the night is 45 minutes flight time.