4.75.10 Describe the status and purpose of a general aviation area (GAA). CAR 91 & AIP ENR
The Director may designate a portion of controlled airspace as a
general aviation area for the purpose of allowing VFR flights access to a
portion of previously controlled airspace without the requirement for an
ATC clearance.
For each general aviation area, the Director must;
(1) specify, at the time that the Director designates the airspace, the
air traffic control unit having responsibility for providing the air
traffic control service over the area; and
(2) identify the area by the ICAO nationality letters of the State
providing the air traffic control service followed by the letter G
followed by a number; and
(3) specify that the area is active—
(i) permanently during the day; or
(ii) by approval of the ATC unit responsible for the airspace;
or
(iii) by prior notification from an airspace user to the ATC
unit responsible for the airspace.
A General Aviation Area
(1) may only be active during the day; and
(2) is Class G airspace while the area is active.
4.75.8 State the status and conditions relating to flight in VFR transit lanes. AIP ENR
VFR transit lanes
The Director may designate a portion of controlled airspace as a VFR
transit lane for either or both of the following purposes:
(1) separating transiting VFR traffic from arriving and departing
IFR flights:
(2) permitting transiting VFR traffic to operate within the VFR
transit lane without requiring an ATC clearance.
A VFR transit lane must be clear of airspace that encompasses IFR
arrival and departure procedures within that controlled airspace.
The Director must—
(1) ensure that buffer zones are provided between the nominal flight
paths of arriving and departing IFR flights and each VFR transit
lane; and
(2) identify each VFR transit lane by the ICAO nationality letters of
the State providing the air traffic control service followed by the
letter “T” followed by a number.
A VFR transit lane is Class G airspace and may only be active during
the day.
4.75.6 Describe the vertical limits and purpose of Control Areas (CTA). CAR 71
The Director may specify a control area designated under this Part
as;
(1) a terminal control area if the Director determines that an
approach control service is required at the confluence of ATS
routes in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes; or
(2) an upper control area if the Director determines that an area
control service is required; or
(3) an oceanic control area if the Director determines that an area
control service is required over the high seas.
The upper limit of a control area must not exceed flight level 660.
The lower limit of a control area must;
(1) be at least 500 feet below the flight paths of IFR flights that the
Director determines to require an air traffic control service; and
(2) be established at:
(i) the highest practical altitude; and
(ii) not less than 700 feet above the surface of the earth; and
Civil Aviation Rules Part 71 CAA Consolidation
23 October 2008 14 CAA of NZ
(3) when the lower limit of a control area is above 3000 feet AMSL,
coincide with a VFR cruising altitude or flight level prescribed
in Part 91.
If a portion of airspace below a control area is designated as another
control area, the upper limit of the lower control area must extend to the
lower limit of the control area directly above it.
4.75.4 Describe the vertical limits and purpose of control zones (CTR). CAR 71
Control zones
The Director may designate as a control zone that portion of airspace
around an aerodrome if—
(1) the Director determines that an aerodrome control service or an
aerodrome and approach control service is required; and
(2) the traffic density and pattern requires controlled airspace.
A control zone must be as small as practical consistent with the need
to protect the flight paths of IFR flights arriving at and departing from the
aerodrome.
The lateral limits of a control zone must;
(1) encompass at least those portions of the airspace that are not
within a control area containing the paths of IFR flights arriving
at and departing from the aerodrome under IMC; and
(2) extend to at least 5 nm from the centre of the aerodrome in the
directions from which instrument approaches may be made; and
(3) take into account the category of IFR aircraft using the
aerodrome and the areas of airspace that need to be protected for
those IFR flights.
Prominent geographical features must be used, where practical, to
define the lateral limits of a control zone.
A control zone with an upper limit above 3000 feet AMSL must
coincide with a VFR cruising altitude or flight level prescribed in Part 91.
4.75.2 State the rules pertaining to operating VFR in the various classes of airspace. CAR 91 Advisory Circular AC61-3 Revision 25 & AIP ENR
Operating VFR in class C airspace,
- clearance is required day and night
- VFR flights are separated from IFR flights
-
SVFR flights are separated from other SVFR flights
-
VFR flights are not separated from other VFR flights day and night
-
VFR flights are provided with traffic information about other VFR flights and traffic avoidance advice is provided on pilots requests
Operating VFR in Class D airspace,
- a clearance is required day and night
- VFR flights are not separated from IFR flights day or night
- SVFR flights are separated from IFR flights
- SVFR flights are separated from other SVFR flights if the visibility is less than 5 km
- IFR flights are provided with traffic information about VFR flights day and night
- VFR flights are provided with traffic information about IFR flights day and night
- Both IFR and VFR flights are provided with traffic avoidance advice on pilots request
Operating VFR in Class G airspace
- a clearance is not required day and night
- IFR flights receive traffic information about other IFR]flights;
- VFR flights may receive information about IFR and other VFR flights on pilot’s request
4.74.6 State the requirements and limitations on an aircraft operating under VFR in transponder mandatory airspace without an operating transponder. CAR 91 & AIP ENR
- If you intend to operate without an operable transponder in TM airspace, you must obtain authorisation from the ATC unit, as part of the ATC clearance to enter that airspace
- If a transponder has a partial or total failure you must advise ATC asap.
4.74.4 Describe the procedures required of pilots operating transponders. AIP ENR
Operating transponders;
- ON: Transponder is on and will reply to interrogations but will send Mode A only
- ALT: Transponder is on and will reply to interrogation, both Mode A and Mode C will be transmitted. Usually used when airborne
-
SBY: Transponder is ON but will not reply to interrogations. Select this function just before take-off and re-select OFF soon as practicable after landing
-
OFF – the transponder is off
-
TST: Transponder test function
-
IDENT; When pressed this highlights the aircraft radar symbol on the screen to flash so the controller can positively identify aircraft
[[IDENT]]:
When instructed to SQUAWK IDENT, push this button
4.74.2 State the requirements for the operation of transponders within the New Zealand FIR. CAR 91 & AIP ENR
A Pilot-in-Command of an aircraft operating in Transponder Mandatory airspace must
4.72.4 Describe situations where ATC may assign cruising altitudes not in accordance with the VFR table of cruising altitudes. AIP ENR
ATC may assign cruising altitudes not in accordance with VFR table of cruising altitudes;
- in an emergency and/or
- where a hazard has been reported or forecast.
4.72.2 State the altitude requirements when cruising VFR within the New Zealand FIR. CAR 91 & AIP ENR [vfr_Rule p1=”91.313″]
- The PiC of an aircraft operating within the NZ FIR under VFR must not maintain level cruising flight at any flight level below FL 160 when an area QNH zone setting is 980 hPa or less
- Cruising VFR outside the Control Zone – VFR = 1000 ft plus 500 ft
- Southbound – heading 090-270 deg EVEN levels
- Cruising VFR outside the Control Zone VFR = 1000 ft plus 500 ft
- Northbound – heading 270-090 deg ODD levels