Explain the following strategies used to reduce communication errors in aviation ...

Read backs

Ensures that the clearance or call was heard and understood correctly 

Standard phraseology

Ensures everyone is speaking the same language and the same terms, which means calls are understood by everyone

Standard calls

Ensures people make the same calls in the same places and times to avoid confusion 

By using these strategies communication between aircraft and ATC is made much easier. There are some rules and requirements for communication within aviation to avoid errors and ensure everyone is speaking the same language and is understood by all. 

Identify techniques to reduce communication barriers.

Readbacks
Standard Phraseology
Standard Calls

Describe the barriers to effective communication.

• Language
• Personalities
• Emotional 
• Cultural
• Assumptions 
• Attention
• Interest 
• Distractions 

Describe a basic model of communications.

This is about effectively getting a message across
Involves expressing, understanding, comprehending and feedback

It is a two way process that requires active participation from both parties
The speaker sets a tone, language and content appropriate to the situation and the listener needs to pay attention, concentrate and comprehend

Describe ideal leadership characteristics.

 

• Self confident
• Firm fair and reliable
• Communicates
• Motivates
• Listens
• Non critical and non judgemental
• Honest
• Flies well and safely
• Can coordinate and direct 

Describe group decision making.

Decisions made informally and formally

It is a controlled pooling of knowledge and ideas

It is a discussion process and command decision rather than a referendum / consensus

Offers wider experience, more ideas and lateral solutions

The captain has the final decision at the end of the day, but a good captain will listen and discuss everyones opinion and thoughts before making a final decision 

Identify the factors that affect team performance.

Factors that affect team performance can include; 

• Individuals participation 
• Individuals attitude 
• Teamwork
• Communication 
• Leadership
• Cohesiveness

Define teamwork and team membership.

A team utilises the strengths of individuals to collectively form a unit that ideally works together to achieve far superior results thats what is achievable on an individual level

To function correctly a team requires characteristics both by individuals and the team as a whole

There must be motivation / a common goal

There must be some sort of reward

Team must have a leader

Outline the dangers of get-home-itis.

Get-home-itis is a mindset that you will make it to your destination regardless of what lies in the way. It may be that you are determined to make it home for dinner, or want to impress someone that you can make your destination regardless of the conditions en-route or at the destination. This is an extremely dangerous mindset to have, and will only end badly. 

It’s a better pilot that admits the conditions or destination are not reachable for whatever reason and deviate will somewhere else or cancel the flight. 

• Going against better judgements
• Pushing own personal limits and boundaries 
• Pushing/breaking laws
• Fixation on getting home, may not be situationally aware of dangers or surroundings

Explain the setting of personal limitations and decision points.

By setting your own personal limitations, you are never operating outside of your comfort zone. This means that you are not pushing limits and boundaries, and operating safely. 

By having decision points where if reached, you turn around or implement a different plan, you know where your limit is and know not to carry on if these limits are reached.